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Ali Farzat
Ali Farzat ((アラビア語:علي فرزات); born 22 June 1951) is a renowned Syrian political cartoonist. He has published more than 15,000 caricatures between Syrian, Arab and international newspapers. He serves as the head of the Arab Cartoonists' Association. In 2011 he received Sakharov Prize for peace.〔http://www.cartooningforpeace.org/en/le-prix-de-la-liberte-ali-farzat-prix-sakharov-2011/〕 Farzat was named one of the 100 most influential people in the world by Time magazine in 2012.
==Life and career==
Farzat was born and raised in the city of Hama, in central Syria on 22 June 1951. His first professional drawings appeared, when he was 12, on the front pages of ''al-Ayyam'' newspaper, shortly before it was banned by the ruling Baath Party.〔 In 1969 he began drawing caricatures for the state-run daily, ''al-Thawra''. He enrolled at the Faculty of Fine Arts at Damascus University in 1970, and left before graduating in 1973.〔 In the mid-1970s he moved to another government controlled daily, ''Tishreen'', where his cartoons appeared every day.〔 International recognition followed in 1980 when he won the first prize at the Intergraphic International Festival in Berlin, Germany, and his drawings began to appear in the French newspaper ''Le Monde''.〔 His exhibition in 1989 at the Institut du Monde Arabe in Paris, France, brought on him a death threat from Saddam Hussein,〔 and a ban from Iraq, Jordan and Libya.〔 The drawing that brought about the most controversy was called ''The General and the Decorations'' which showed a general handing out military decorations instead of food to a hungry Arab citizen.
Farzat's initial encounter with Syrian president Bashar al-Assad was prior to his presidency in 1996. According to Farzat, "He () actually laughed at some of the cartoons—specifically at those targeting security personnel—he had a bunch of them with him and he turned to them and said: 'Hey, he is making fun of you. What do you think?" Afterward the two developed a friendship.〔Jones, Owen Bennet. (The moral dilemmas of Syria's revolution ). ''BBC News''. 11 March 2012. Retrieved on 11 March 2012.〕 In December 2000 Farzat started publishing ''al-Domari'' ("The Lamplighter"), which was the first independent periodical in Syria since the Baath Party came to power in 1963. The newspaper was based on political satire and styled in a similar way to the French weekly ''Le Canard enchaîné''. The first issue of the paper came out in February 2001 and the entire 50,000 copies were sold in less than four hours. In 2002, he won the prestigious Dutch Prince Claus Award for "achievement in culture and development". By 2003, however, frequent government censorship and lack of funds forced Farzat to close down ''al-Domari''.〔 He has been called "one of the most famous cultural figures in the Arab world". In December 2012, Farzat was awarded Gebran Tueni prize in Lebanon.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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